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Package Management

Learn about package management in Linux

1 - apk

Alpine package manager

Alpine is the light weight linux distribution. Alpine uses apk as the package manager.

References

alpinelinux.org

2 - deb

debian package management

The major reason to use apt tools though is for the dependency management. The apt tools understand that in order to install a given package, other packages may need to be installed too, and apt can download these and install them, whereas dpkg does not.

References

3 - dnf

Dandified yum

DNF or Dandified yum is the next generation version of yum, a package manager for RPM-based Linux distributions like fedora,centos and redhat.

dnf -h  
dnf --help

[root@192 ~]# dnf history
ID     | Command line             | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     5 | install transmission-gtk | 2020-07-17 13:26 | Install        |    3   
     4 | install epel-release     | 2020-07-17 13:25 | Install        |    1   
     3 |                          | 2020-07-17 11:33 | Install        |    8   
     2 |                          | 2020-07-17 11:27 | Removed        |    1   
     1 |                          | 2020-07-17 11:15 | Install        | 1476 EE

[root@192 ~]# dnf repolist
repo id                             repo name
AppStream                           CentOS-8 - AppStream
BaseOS                              CentOS-8 - Base
epel                                Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
epel-modular                        Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64
extras                              CentOS-8 - Extras
google-chrome                       google-chrome


#search package details for the given string

[root@192 ~]# dnf search chrome
Last metadata expiration check: 0:31:24 ago on Fri 17 Jul 2020 01:25:55 PM CEST.
======================================== Name & Summary Matched: chrome ========================================
google-chrome-stable.x86_64 : Google Chrome
google-chrome-beta.x86_64 : Google Chrome (beta)
google-chrome-unstable.x86_64 : Google Chrome (unstable)
chromedriver.x86_64 : WebDriver for Google Chrome/Chromium
============================================= Name Matched: chrome =============================================
chrome-gnome-shell.x86_64 : Support for managing GNOME Shell Extensions through web browsers
mathjax-winchrome-fonts.noarch : Fonts used by MathJax to display math in the browser
=========================================== Summary Matched: chrome ============================================
webextension-token-signing.x86_64 : Chrome and Firefox extension for signing with your eID on the web

# clear all cached packages from the system
[root@192 ~]# dnf clean all
44 files removed

References

fedora-dnf-wiki

4 - rpm

redhat package management

5 - yum

Yellowdog Updater, Modified (YUM)

yum is broken on the server

### YUM not working on Centos and gave below error
could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

### To Fix above issue : go to /etc/resolve.conf and add/update nameserver
nameserver 8.8.8.8

Fix : Rebuild the yum database

yum clean all
rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
rpm --rebuilddb
yum update